my country's earliest "plastic restriction order" can actually be traced back to 2001.

In 1986, plastic fast food boxes were first used on Chinese railways, resulting in a large number of white lunch boxes being discarded along the railway, bringing plastic pollution. In 2001, the former State Economic and Trade Commission issued an emergency notice "Emergency Notice on Immediately Stopping the Production of Disposable Foamed Plastic Tableware (Guo Jingmao Industry [2001] No. 382)", requiring the immediate stop of the production of disposable foamed plastic tableware, which can be called It can be regarded as the earliest version of the "Plastic Restriction Order".

The "Plastic Restriction Order" we are referring to now generally refers to the "Notice of the General Office of the State Council on Restricting the Production and Sales of Plastic Shopping Bags" (Guobanfa [2007] No. 72), which was officially implemented in June 2008. Among them, there are two most important policies: one is to prohibit the production, sale and use of plastic shopping bags with a thickness of less than 0.025 mm nationwide, which is commonly referred to as ultra-thin plastic shopping bags; the second is to implement paid use of plastic shopping bags system.

The "new version of the plastic restriction order" refers to the "Opinions of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the National Development and Reform Commission on Further Strengthening Plastic Pollution Control" (Fagai Huanzi [2020] No. 80) issued in January 2020. my country's plastic pollution is also It began to transform from the first stage of brutal prohibition to the second stage of domain-specific governance.

Taking a closer look at the policy, we found that the scope and strength of the "new version of the plastic restriction order" is greater. From the name of the document, we can see that one is to restrict the production and sales of plastic shopping bags, and the other focuses on plastic pollution control. Specifically:

In terms of the scope of plastic restrictions, it has been expanded from "plastic bag shopping bags with a thickness of less than 0.025 mm" to "prohibit the production and sale of ultra-thin plastic shopping bags with a thickness of less than 0.025 mm, and polyethylene agricultural film with a thickness of less than 0.01 mm. It is prohibited to use medical waste as a Raw materials are used to manufacture plastic products. The import of waste plastics is completely banned. By the end of 2020, the production and sale of disposable foamed plastic tableware and disposable plastic cotton swabs are banned; the production of daily chemical products containing plastic microbeads is prohibited. By the end of 2022, the sale of plastic Daily chemical products of microbeads". This means that, in addition to plastic bags, agricultural mulch, disposable foamed plastic tableware, plastic cotton swabs, and daily chemical products containing plastic microbeads are all included in the scope of supervision.

The main areas of the new version of the plastic restriction order have also expanded from "supermarkets, shopping malls, bazaars and other commodity retail places are the places where plastic shopping bags are most concentrated" in 2008 to "in areas where plastic pollution problems are prominent and e-commerce, express delivery , food delivery and other emerging fields”.

In terms of plastic restrictions, from "the industrial and commercial departments should strengthen the supervision and inspection of the sales and use of plastic shopping bags in supermarkets, shopping malls, bazaars and other retail places" to "by the end of 2022, all built-up areas and coastal areas in cities above the prefecture level Shopping malls, supermarkets, pharmacies, bookstores and other places in the built-up areas of county towns, as well as catering package delivery services and various exhibition activities, prohibit the use of non-degradable plastic bags; the use of non-degradable disposable plastic tableware in built-up areas of county towns, scenic spots and catering services is prohibited ; Postal express outlets in Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong and other provinces and cities should first prohibit the use of non-degradable plastic packaging bags, disposable plastic woven bags, etc., to reduce the use of non-degradable plastic tapes.”

In addition, in this document, we can also see that my country's plastic products are transitioning from prohibition to governance. The new version of the plastic restriction order has strengthened the promotion and application of alternative products and models, standardized the recycling and disposal of plastic waste, and improved the support and guarantee system. For example, the management of the production, circulation, consumption and recycling of plastic products, the promotion and application of alternative products such as degradable plastic bags, the strengthening of corporate green management responsibilities, and the promotion of green supply chains.

It is worth mentioning that it is also in this document that it is mentioned for the first time that "strengthen research on the mechanism, monitoring, prevention and control technologies and policies of plastic waste and microplastic pollution in rivers, lakes and seas, and carry out ecological environmental impact and human health risk assessment."

Then, plastic pollution control policies were issued intensively, and the plastic pollution control mechanism took shape.

In July and August 2020, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Commerce successively issued the "Notice on Solidly Promoting Plastic Pollution Control Work" (Fagai Huanzi [2020] No. 1146), "On Further Strengthening Plastic Pollution Control Work in the Commercial Field" "Notice" (Shangban Circulation Letter [2020] No. 306) to strengthen the promotion of plastic pollution control. On the one hand, relevant departments have begun to strengthen the supervision and management of the ban and restriction of plastics in retail and catering fields. On the other hand, relevant departments have also begun to promote agricultural film pollution. Governance, standardize the collection and disposal of plastic waste, carry out special cleaning of plastic waste, etc.

At the same time, the "Notice on Further Strengthening the Treatment of Plastic Pollution in the Business Field" (Shang Ban Tong Chuan Han [2020] No. 306) further clarifies the phased tasks of banning and restricting plastics.

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