Recently, the high-yield organic rice demonstration fields of the Yunnan Provincial Major Science and Technology Project "Construction and Demonstration of Innovative Models for High-quality Agricultural Development and Coordination of Non-point Source Pollution Prevention and Control in the Erhai Lake Basin" have undergone field testing and acceptance. Yang Guozong, secretary of the Dali Prefecture Party Committee of Yunnan Province, and Zhang Fusuo, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, visited the site, and Lu Shihua, a researcher at the Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, introduced the relevant situation.

Lu Shihua said: "The biggest feature of this technology is that the paddy field is covered with fully biodegradable plastic film. The plastic film is produced by Yunnan Qusu Group. We use out-of-the-box ridge farming, combined with the coverage of fully biodegradable plastic film, to solve the problem of rice growth in plateau areas. The low temperature factor limited in the early stage; the innovation of triangular cultivation can better promote tillering at the seedling stage and coordinate the contradiction between individuals and groups. The application of this technology greatly saves irrigation water and meets the temperature demand of rice growth at the same time. The weeding effect is obvious and saves The cost of artificial weeding in organic planting can inhibit the development of pests and diseases, and there is no need to topdress again during the planting cycle. The black film body of the fully biodegradable mulch film helps the rhizomes to fully absorb nutrients, making the rhizomes strong, achieving early harvesting, increasing production, and increasing income. The decomposition products can replenish organic matter to the soil without causing environmental pollution.”

According to reports, the project has applied five technical models, among which the biodegradable film mulching comprehensive cultivation technology adopts the fully biodegradable mulch covering, open-box Integrated cost-saving and high-yield techniques for organic rice such as ridge farming, triangular sparse planting, and seedling transplanting.

Fully biodegradable mulch is an important part of the construction and demonstration of this innovative model. Lu Bin, head of Qusu Group, said that the main components of Ecomulch's fully biodegradable mulch are polylactic acid (PLA) and polyadipate Butylene terephthalate (PBAT), etc., the plastic film can be easily plowed into the soil at the later stage of crop growth or after the harvest, and it will be degraded by bacteria and fungal microorganisms in the soil, which fundamentally solves the problem of cleaning up the traditional film-covered planting. , leaving white garbage and other issues, to achieve a win-win situation of green development and farmers' income increase. "From the air permeability, mechanics and other indicators, it can be found that there is a significant difference between degradable mulch film and ordinary PE mulch film. It is necessary to track the environment of the planting area in detail, determine the variables such as soil and temperature in the area, so as to adjust the process parameters and technical formula of the film, and Cooperate with the corresponding planting technology to customize the use and maintenance. Based on this, we cooperate with the Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Agricultural University and other industry-university-research institutes to promote the latest and most scientific planting technology to farmers, and can also monitor the planting environment and content in a timely manner. So as to continuously adjust the process formula design and processing of the degradable mulch film.”

Academician Zhang Fusuo emphasized that adopting this technology to develop organic rice planting in the Erhai Lake Basin is of great significance to reducing agricultural non-point source pollution and increasing farmers' income. He hopes to make Dali a model for national lake pollution control.

Yang Guozong affirmed the technology and hoped that the technology would be promoted throughout the state, and that the fully biodegradable mulching technology could be applied to other crops and planting scenarios. Yang Guozong emphasized that it is necessary to innovate working methods, strengthen scientific and technological empowerment, strive to solve the problem of agricultural non-point source pollution in watersheds, actively explore green and high-value agricultural development paths, and create a new model for green agricultural development and rural revitalization.

According to calculations, the on-site production and harvest area is 204.0 square meters. Compared with traditional organic optimized planting, this planting technology saves more than 60% of irrigation water and more than 40% of fertilizer. The yield per mu reaches 662.3 kg, and the output value per mu exceeds 9,000 yuan.

The expert group believes that the project team has effectively solved the problems of low temperature stress and low nutrient use efficiency faced by rice production in the Erhai Lake Basin by using fully biodegradable plastic film, open-box ridge farming, and triangular sparse planting. , which is of reference significance for the realization of synergy between environmental protection and high-yield and high-quality rice, Erhai Lake ecological protection and farmers' income increase, and it is recommended to vigorously promote it.

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