Bioplastics include: ① bio-based non-biodegradable plastics ② bio-based biodegradable plastics ③ petroleum-based biodegradable plastics.

Bio-based non-biodegradable plastics

This type of plastic refers to plastics whose raw materials are all or partly derived from biomass, but cannot be degraded by microorganisms. Such as bio-based PE, PP, PET, and bio-based performance polymers, such as PTT, TPC-ET, etc. Bio-based non-degradable plastic that does not easily degrade in the environment. The main application of this kind of material is as a supplement to petroleum-based plastics, and to replace existing petroleum-based similar products, so as to save petroleum resources and reduce carbon dioxide emissions.

Such non-degradable bio-based PE, PP and PVC products have been put into mass production. Brazil's Braskem company produces 200,000 tons of bio-based PE per year, and Coca-Cola mainly uses bio-based PET to make beverage bottles. This category of plastics also includes bio-based non-degradable performance polymers.

bio-based biodegradable plastics

This type of plastic refers to plastics whose raw materials are all or partly derived from biomass and can be degraded by microorganisms. For example, PLA, PHA, PBS, etc. This type of material has the property of being completely degradable in the environment after being discarded, which can eliminate "white pollution" and protect the soil. The main target markets for such materials at this stage are plastic packaging films, agricultural films, disposable plastic bags and disposable plastic tableware.

Unlike cellulosic materials (regenerated fiber or cellulose-acetate), this type of plastic has only taken shape in the past few years. So far, they have been mostly used for short-lived products like packaging.

Petroleum-based biodegradable plastics

The raw materials of this type of plastic all come from petrochemical materials, but plastics that can be degraded by microorganisms, such as PBAT. Primarily used in combination with starch-based plastics or other bioplastics, they therefore enhance the performance of the latter application through biodegradability and mechanical properties.

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